WHAT IS COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY?
Cognitive psychology is the study of mental processes such as
perceiving, remembering, and reasoning.
Why do psychologists’ study mental processes?
Since the beginning of recorded history, people have
expressed curiosity about the operation of the mind, largely because they
believed that behaviour is the result of mental processes.
A cognitive psychologist might study how people perceive
various shapes, why they remember some facts but forget others, or how they
learn language. Consider some examples of everyday experiences
1. How many times have you carefully
proofread written work, only to be embarrassed later by an obvious error you
overlooked? Many
times what we see is determined as much by the context in which it occurs as by
what is actually there, an issue of pattern
recognition.
2. Have you noticed the difficulty of
simultaneously taking notes in class and understanding a lecture? Explanations of this kind of
difficulties are found in the discussion of attention.
3.
When you dial the telephone directory assistance for a telephone number
and do not have a pen to note it down, why do you have to repeat the number
until you have dialled it? And why you have to make your call again to enquire the number if
someone talks to you before you dial the number? These are problems associated
with the short term memory.
4.
Do you remember the experience of working on a problem or a puzzle that
you were unable to solve, but after taking a break from the problem, you
subsequently obtained
a solution? This
phenomenon, known as incubation effect,
along with other commonly experienced events is an aspect of problem solving.
5.
Why do objects look farther away on foggy days than they really are? This discrepancy of perception can be dangerous, even deceiving
drivers into having accidents.
These are just a few of the many examples of everyday experiences which are discussed and explored by the experiments and theory of cognitive psychology
References
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